How Tree Roots Impact Sewer Drains

There are few combinations that are more problematic than tree roots and sewer drains. While tree roots naturally grow in search of moisture and nutrients, their presence in underground sewer pipes can lead to significant plumbing issues. Once they get inside a sewer line, roots can obstruct wastewater flow, trap debris, and cause structural damage to pipes, leading to backups and costly repairs. Here at Knight Sewer and Drain, we’ve seen firsthand how tree roots can impact sewer drains. In this blog, we’ll cover everything you need to know about preventing plumbing failures caused by tree root intrusion.

How Tree Roots Disrupt Sewer Drain Functionality

Physical Blockages

Once tree roots enter your sewer drain, they begin growing and branching out, creating a dense network of fibers inside the pipe. These roots can catch solid waste, grease, and other debris flowing through the drain, leading to blockages. Over time, the obstruction worsens causing issues such as slow drain, clogs, and even full-scale backups in extreme cases.

Pipe Deformation and Misalignment

Tree roots are powerful enough to exert pressure on sewer pipes, particularly those made of clay or cast iron. As the roots expand and grow around the pipe, they can force sections of the sewer line apart, creating gaps that allow more roots to enter. This misalignment can lead to uneven wastewater flow, increased sediment buildup, and long-term structural instability of the drainage system.

Pipe Cracks and Collapse

As roots continue to grow within a sewer pipe, they’ll weaken the pipe walls by exerting force from the inside. Over time, this pressure can cause cracks to widen, leading to leaks, soil erosion, and eventually, pipe collapse. Once the pipe collapses, it can no longer carry wastewater properly, resulting in sewage backups, flooding, and costly excavation and replacement projects.

Increased Sewer Line Maintenance Needs

A sewer line that’s been affected by tree root intrusion will require frequent maintenance, including hydro jetting and mechanical root cutting. If left unchecked, tree roots can continue regrowing inside the drain, necessitating repeated professional interventions. If you’re dealing with recurring issues, you may find yourself spending significant amounts of money on temporary fixes rather than long-term solutions.

Signs That Tree Roots Are Damaging Your Sewer Drains

Recognizing early indicators of root-related sewer damage can help homeowners act before the situation gets any worse. The first thing you should look out for is slow or gurgling drains. If the water drains sluggishly from your sinks, tubs, and toilets, or if there is consistent gurgling sound, tree roots may be restricting proper water flow. Another sign of problems is a persistent sewage smell inside or around the home may signal a sewer line break caused by root intrusion. You may also want to look out for a section of your lawn that is greener or grows faster than the surrounding areas, as it could be benefiting from a leaking sewer pipe. And if you do deal with a backup or overflows in your drains, toilets, or bathtubs, this likely indicates a blockage in the main sewer line.

Long-Term Effects of Untreated Root Intrusion

Increased Risk of Pipe Collapse

If tree root intrusion is not addressed, the continual expansion of roots inside the sewer drain will lead to complete structural failure. A collapses pipe will render the sewer system nonfunctional, requiring excavation and full pipe replacement, a process that can disrupt your life and lighten your wallet.

Wastewater Contamination

Cracked and broken pipes caused by tree roots can leak sewage into the surrounding soil. Over time, this contamination can seep into groundwater supplies or surface water sources, posing serious environmental and health risks.

Foundation and Structural Issues

Persistent leaks from a sewer line damaged by tree roots can weaken the soil underneath a home’s foundation. Over time, this can lead to ground shifts, cracks in walls, and even structural instability, requiring costly repairs beyond just plumbing work.

Effective Solutions for Tree Root-Infested Sewer Drains

Homeowners dealing with tree roots in their sewer drains have several options for removing the intrusion and preventing future problems.

Mechanical Root Removal

A professional plumber can use a drain auger or root-cutting machine to physically cut away roots inside the pipe. While this method restores immediate flow, it does not prevent regrowth, necessitating regular maintenance.

Hydro Jetting

This refers to using high-pressure water to clear out tree roots and any accumulated debris inside the sewer line. This method is effective for removing obstructions but not be a permanent solution if the root entry points are not sealed.

Chemical Root Treatments

Chemical root treatments, such as foaming root killers, can be applied inside sewer drains to kill roots and prevent further growth. These treatments often contain copper sulfate, which inhibits root development while leaving trees unharmed.

Trenchless Pipe Lining

Trenchless pipe lining offers a long-term solution to severe root intrusion. This method involves inserting a flexible liner inside the damaged pipe, which hardens to create a new, seamless surface that prevents future root intrusion.

Full Sewer Pipe Replacement

If root damage is extensive, the best option may be to replace the sewer line entirely. Modern PVC pipes with sealed joints are more resistant to root penetrations and provide a durable solution for long-term sewer health.

Preventing Future Root Intrusion

There are a few things you can do to prevent future root intrusion. For example, if you’re planning trees, ensure they’re far away from sewer lines and try to limit how much you water the area around sewer lines. Physical barriers made of metal or plastic can be placed between trees and sewer pipes to direct root growth away from the drainage system. It’s also wise to regularly have your sewer inspected with a camera to catch any problems before they get out of hand.

If tree root intrusion is impacting your sewer line, Knight Sewer and Drain is here to help. We offer a variety of services across Milwaukee County including drain cleanings, hydro jetting, repair, and more. We’ll do our best to ensure you can avoid costly damage to your sewer system. Contact us today to learn more!